Media and Persuasion

  • Mere Exposure Effect
  • Framing Effect 
  • Hostile Media Effect
  • Hyperbolic discounting  
  • Source Degradation  
  • Quote-mining and Cherry Picking
  • Feeding Group Frenzy  
  • "I'm a Pepper . . . "

Mere Exposure Effect   
Tendency to be influenced into preferring things merely because of familiarity with them.    
Bornstein, Robert F.; Crave-Lemley, Catherine (2004), "Mere exposure effect", in Pohl, Rüdiger F., Cognitive Illusions: A Handbook on Fallacies and Biases in Thinking, Judgement and Memory, Hove, UK: Psychology Press, pp. 215–234   

Framing Effect 
How ideas and opinions are presented and packaged can influence how the public accepts or rejects them.

Hostile Media Effect
Tendency to see a media report as being biased due to one's own strong partisan views. Misinterpreting media presentation of mainstream views as being deliberately one-sided due to influence of one's opponents.

This is linked to the General Prevalence Fallacy, as well as the Bias Blind Spot.

Hyperbolic discounting 
Over-the-top denigration and snide, judgmental criticism of adversary

Source Degradation 
Attacking and discrediting the source of a message, rather than addressing disagreements with the ideas put forth.
ad hominem attacks.

Quote-mining
Cherry Picking 
Drawing on selected instances and excerpts out of context to discredit opponent.

Feeding Group Frenzy
The use of political slogans, platitudes, banners, jingoism, repetitive chants and cheers, party conventions, pep rallies, forced rivalry, helps build strong identification with party membership.

"I'm a Pepper . . . "
A marketing approach that targets the consumer's desire to perceive oneself as both an independent thinker, as well as a member of the "cool" group.

Appeals
Commercial and political marketing often frame propaganda messages to appeal to the emotions and biases of their targeted audience: Some common appeals include Appeal to Authority, Appeal to Fear, Appeal to