Understanding and Overcoming Hate
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  • Overview
    • Site Contents
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    • Features
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    • Index of All Topics
    • Index of All Links
    • Links to all slideshows
  • Understanding Hate
    • Introduction
    • What is Hate? >
      • Hate as an Emotion >
        • Papers: Hate as an Emotion
      • Hate as a Belief >
        • Papers: Hate as Belief
      • Hate as an Act >
        • Papers: Hate as an Act
      • Hate as a Policy >
        • Papers: Hate as Policy
    • The Roots of Hate >
      • Early Imprints >
        • When Needs are Not Met
        • Papers; Not Meeting Needs
      • What Are We Doing To Our Children? >
        • Children in Dire Circumstances
      • Effects of Trauma and Abuse >
        • Papers: Stress Effects
        • Papers: Trauma Abuse Effects
        • Links: Stress, Trauma Research
      • Causes and Effects of Bullying
      • Trauma, bigotry, violence linked
      • Authoritarian Upbringings >
        • Papers: Authoritarian Roots
        • Papers: SDO and Authoritarianism
      • Absolutism and Insularity >
        • Papers: Absolutism
      • Papers: Early Roots of Prejudice
      • Impaired Cognition >
        • Papers: Impaired Cognition
      • The Violent Brain >
        • Papers: Violent Brain
      • Roots of Violence and Cruelty >
        • Chart: Powderkeg Formula
        • Papers: Roots of Violence
        • Articles and Blog Posts
      • Ghosts of the Past >
        • Ripples of revenge
        • Papers: Ghosts of the Past
    • How Hate Manifests >
      • Chart
      • Everyday Hate >
        • Papers: Social Rejection
        • Papers: Bullying
      • Social Injustice and Discrimination >
        • Papers: Discrimination
        • Papers: Inequality
        • Articles: Inequality Effects
        • Articles: Cognitive Exhaustion
        • "White" Privilege
      • Stereotyping and Caricature >
        • Papers: Stereotyping
        • Stereotyping
      • Prejudice, Racism and Bigotry >
        • Articles and Blog Posts
        • Papers: Prejudice Racism
        • Papers: Skin color and face
        • Papers: InGroup Outgroup
        • Papers: Implicit Bias
        • Evolutionary Issues >
          • More blog posts
      • Dehumanizing >
        • Views about the outsider
        • Papers: Dehumanizing
      • Hate Crimes >
        • Papers: Hate Crimes
      • Hate Groups >
        • Links: Hate Groups Research
        • Papers and news: Hate Groups
      • Abuse of Power >
        • Papers: Abuse of Power
        • Evil Men: Tyrants, Dictators
        • Blogs and news
        • Articles: SDO and RWA
      • Xenophobia >
        • Papers: Xenophobia
      • Collective Rage >
        • Papers: Collective Violence
      • Extremism >
        • Papers: Terrorism
        • Papers: Extremism
      • Cruelty on Mass Scale >
        • Links
        • Papers: Cruelty on mass scale
    • Hate in the News >
      • News: Hate in America
      • News: Hate Trends Worldwide
      • Extremism: Current Trends: News
      • Authoritarianism Trends
    • Group Influence >
      • Search for Belonging >
        • Papers: Search for Belonging
      • Social Cognition and Learning >
        • Papers: Fairness
        • Papers: Social Cognition
      • Group Think >
        • Papers: Intergroup Dynamics
        • Papers: Group Think
      • Status and Stigma >
        • Papers: Status and Stigma
      • Conformity >
        • Papers: Conformity
      • Obedience and Compliance >
        • Papers: Obedience
      • Bystander Effect
    • Social Defenses >
      • Papers: Social Defenses
      • System Justification >
        • Papers: System Justification
      • Projection >
        • Papers: Projection
      • Denial >
        • Papers: Denial
        • Examples of Denial
        • Papers: Denialism
      • Attribution and Comparison >
        • Attribution Fallacies
        • Papers: Attribution
      • Cognitive Dissonance >
        • Papers: Cognitive Dissonance
    • Fanning the Flames >
      • Media and Persuasion
      • Papers: Persuasion
      • Papers: Indoctrination
      • Papers: Hate Speech
      • Papers: Attitude change
      • News: Cyberhate
      • Links
      • Media Effects in the News
      • Persuasion: Blog Posts and Articles
    • How We Fool Ourselves >
      • Mechanisms: Cognitive Biases and Heuristics >
        • Papers: Brain Tricks
        • Biases: Blogs and Articles
        • Biases organized
      • On Being Wrong
      • Probability and Decision-Making Biases >
        • Papers and articles
      • Memory Distortions >
        • Papers: Memory illusions
      • Perceptual Illusions >
        • Papers: Perceptual Illusions
        • Illusions: Blog Posts and Articles
      • Self-Deception >
        • Papers: Self-deception
      • Delusion, Confabulation >
        • Papers: Delusions
        • Papers: False Beliefs
      • Conspiracy Theories
      • Papers: Neural mechanisms mystical states
      • Brain and Spirituality: Articles
    • Brain and Belief >
      • What is a Belief? >
        • Papers: Belief Formation
        • Papers: Automaticity
      • Perception and Processing >
        • Papers: Perception
      • Salience and Tagging >
        • Papers: Salience
        • Papers: Essentialism
      • Creating Categories >
        • Papers: Categorizing
      • Cognitive Unconscious
      • Embodied Cognition >
        • Papers: Embodied Cognition
      • Emotion Cognition Interplay >
        • Papers
      • Creating a Story about the World >
        • Papers: Story Creation
      • Investing in Cherished Beliefs >
        • Papers
      • Identifying Self with Belief >
        • Papers
      • Search for Meaning >
        • Papers: Meaning
    • Search for Certainty >
      • Dogmatic Beliefs
      • Belief Perseverance
      • Papers: Feeling of Knowing
      • Papers: Rigid Dogmatic thinking
    • Index: All Biases, Distortions and Influences
  • Overcoming Hate
    • Overview of Topics
    • Introduction
    • Prevention >
      • Meeting Formative Needs of Children >
        • Papers: Child and Brain Development
        • Papers: nurturing, attachment bonding
        • Links: Development
      • Promoting Parental readiness >
        • Papers
        • Links: Helping Parents
      • Supporting Healthy Families >
        • Papers
      • Enhancing Resilience >
        • Papers
      • Cultivating Empathy and Conscience >
        • Roots of Morality
        • Empathic Imagination
        • Mirror Neurons
        • Empathy Programs
        • Links: Empathy
      • All papers: Morality and Empathy >
        • Papers: Roots of Morality and Conscience
        • Papers: Empathy Altruism Compassion
        • Articles, Posts: Empathy
        • Papers: Moral Decision-Making
        • Papers: Moral Cognition
        • Papers: Mirror Neurons
        • Articles: Prosocial Behavior
      • Long-Term Social Investment >
        • Papers
    • Education >
      • Enhancing Emotional and Social Skills >
        • Papers: Emotional Intelligence
        • Papers: Social Cooperation
        • Links: emotional development
      • Building Reflective Minds >
        • Critical Thinking >
          • Papers: Critical Thinking
        • Metacognition >
          • Papers: Metacognition
        • Perceiving Bias >
          • Papers: Perceiving Bias
        • Creative and Lateral Thinking >
          • Papers: Creative Thinking
        • Mindfulness >
          • Papers: Mindfulness
          • Blogs and articles
        • Interoception >
          • Papers: Interoception
        • Fluid and Flexible >
          • Papers: Fluid Intelligence
      • Cross-cultural Awareness >
        • Links: Cross-Cultural
        • Papers: Cultural Neuroscience
        • Articles: Cultural Awareness
      • Media Awareness >
        • Links
        • Papers
      • Teaching an Honest History >
        • Papers
        • Links: Honest History
      • Civic Engagement and Social Responsibility >
        • Papers
      • Ethics Training >
        • Papers
      • Whole Child Learning >
        • Papers
    • Intervention >
      • Social Support and Inclusion >
        • Papers: Social Support
      • Helping Children in Dire Conditions >
        • Papers: Helping children
      • Preventing Violence and Bullying >
        • Anti-bullying programs and resources
        • Helping At-Risk Kids
        • Papers on helping kids
      • Standing Up To Prejudice, Racism, and Bigotry >
        • Papers: Reducing Prejudice
        • Articles: Reducing Prejudice
        • Papers: Stopping hate crimes
        • Papers: Offsetting Extremism
        • Programs and Projects
        • Hatebraker Examples: News
      • Training Our Protectors >
        • Papers: Training Protectors
      • Healing the Hurt >
        • Papers: Healing Hurt
        • Articles and Blog Posts
      • Educating Our Leaders >
        • Papers: Educating Leaders
      • Resolving Conflict >
        • Papers: Resolving Conflict
        • Programs and articles
      • Israel-Palestine >
        • Papers: Israel-Palestine
        • News and blog posts
      • Promoting Dignity >
        • Links: Human Rights
        • Papers: Human Rights
      • Healing the Ghosts of the Past >
        • Papers: Reconciliation
      • Restorative Justice >
        • Papers: Restorative Justice
      • Confronting Mass Atrocities >
        • Papers: Confronting War Crimes
    • Social Advances >
      • Charters and Declarations
      • Slideshow: Social Advances
      • Links: social advances history
      • Timelines: Social Advances
    • More Solutions >
      • Classroom Tools
      • Organizations
      • Programs and Projects
      • Effective Models
  • Resources
    • Academic Papers: Topic Index
    • Background: Sciences Related to Hate >
      • Related Sciences of Hate
      • Social Psychology Subtopics
      • Brain and Life Sciences
      • New Research Tools
      • Links: Brain Mapping
      • Process of Science
      • What is Good Science?
      • Links: Understanding Science
      • Papers: About Good Science
    • Science Links
    • Timelines of Knowledge >
      • Index of all Pioneers
      • Timeline: Early Pioneers
      • Timeline: Group Psychology
      • Timeline: Prejudice
      • Timeline: Persuasion
      • Timeline: Social Psychology Pioneers
      • Timeline: Authoritarianism
      • Timeline: Scientific bias
    • Researchers and Experts >
      • Developmental Foundations
      • Moral Cognition, Empathy
      • Search for Meaning
      • Search for Belonging
      • Search for Certainty
      • Ghosts of the Past
      • Breaking Cycle of Hate: Solutions
    • Other Research and Studies >
      • Syllabi
      • Bibliographies
      • Our Syllabi
    • Recommendations >
      • Books: Topic Overview >
        • Development
        • Empathy, Morality
        • Brain and Belief
        • Tricks of Mind
        • Stress, Trauma, Violence
        • Prejudice, Racism, Stereotyping
        • Overcoming Prejudice, Racism
        • Historical Insight
        • Human Rights Abuses
        • Seminal Works
      • Journals and Magazines
      • Films and Videos
    • Timeline of Hate >
      • Links: Historical Injustice
      • History of Hate in America: articles
      • Index of Historical Injustice
  • Tools
    • Links: Games and Exercises
    • Self-Awareness Tools >
      • What Parents Can do
      • Learning about our Labels
    • Blog
Related Pages
  • Preventing Violence and Bullying
  • Anti-Bullying Programs and Resources
  • Helping At-Risk Kids

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10 years of bullying data: what does it tell us?
From www.guardian.co.uk - May 24, 2013 
A decade of global data attempts to analyse the details of bullying. But what can the figures really tell us about an issue that is so difficult to record?

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You knew this: bullying is harmful 
From www.sciencecodex.com -February 11, 2013  
EAST LANSING, Mich. — Children who are bullied online or by mobile phone are just as likely to skip school or consider suicide as kids who are physically bullied, according to a study led by a Michigan State University criminologist.

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Bullying by childhood peers leaves a trace that can change the expression of a gene linked to mood
From www.psypost.org - February 14, 2013
A recent study by a researcher at the Centre for Studies on Human Stress (CSHS) at the Hôpital Louis-H.

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New Study Tracks Bullying's Impact into Adulthood | NEA Today
From neatoday.org - March 8, 2013  
By Tim Walker 
Anyone who still thinks bullying is simply a childhood rite of passage should take note: In one of the first long-term studies tracking the.

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Effects of Bullying Last Into Adulthood, Study Finds
From well.blogs.nytimes.com -February 20, 2013  
Victims of bullying, and bullies themselves, are more likely to have an anxiety disorder, panic disorders and other psychiatric problems as adults, a new study has found.

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Bullying And Psychiatric Illness Linked : NPR
From www.npr.org - February 26, 2013
A new study on bullying shows that people who were bullied have higher rates of psychiatric illness as adults. Host Michel Martin speaks with the study's lead author, William Coleman of Duke University, and bullying expert Rosalind Wiseman.

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Bullying: Social Risk Factors; Long-Term Impact for Bully and Victim
From www.decodedscience.com -February 24, 2013
Bullying repercussions are not as temporary as we may think. There are long-term social consequences for both bullies and their victims even as adults.

Bullying Scars the Adult Mind
From www.medpagetoday.com - February 20, 2013 
Bullying has psychiatric implications into adulthood, a longitudinal cohort study showed.
Bullying: Massachusetts study links bullying, family violence
From articles.latimes.com - February 21, 2013 
A new study underscores something researchers have known for some time with regard to bullying: that kids involved with it are more likely to display risk factors such as poor grades and drug and...
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Author: Bullying more complex than parents think
From www.usatoday.com - February 23, 2013 
In interviews with bullies, victims, bystanders and the adults who must often pick up the pieces, journalist Emily Bazelon finds that our understanding of the roots of bullying is nothing if not simplistic.

Childhood bullying increases the propensity to self-harm during adolescence
From www.healthcanal.com - May 28, 2013 
Childhood bullying increases the propensity to self-harm during adolescence
Bullying can leave a legacy of pain
From www.dailytelegraph.com.au - June 10, 2013
BULLYING may take place mainly in schoolyards, but the insidious effects of bullying extend far beyond.
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Bullying doesn't just hurt your feelings - it can make you ill, say researchers
From www.dailymail.co.uk - February 11, 2013
Jenny Tung from Duke University in North Carolina studied rhesus macaques and found that social stress resulted in their immune systems suffering.


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Bullying's mental health toll may last years
From thechart.blogs.cnn.com - February 27, 2014
Victims of bullying may suffer mental and physical consequences even after bullying occurs, research shows.

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Bullying can be more harmful than you think
From thegardenisland.com - March 22, 2013  
In studying bullying, we must consider the bully, the victim and the bystanders. All three play a role in allowing bullying to happen and all three play a role in stopping it.

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Bullying and Body Image: How Bullying Leads to Eating Disorders
From www.huffingtonpost.com -March 6, 2013  
Bullying can have long-lasting results on the bullied, and in some cases, may lead to eating disorders, according to UK Charity Beat.


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Hidden dangers at school: Bullying and Cyberbullying 
From www.dailysabah.com - October 18, 2014 
Bullying is a serious issue that can affect any child. Whether it is verbal, social or physical bullying, can have detrimental effects on both the perpetrator and the victim | Daily Sabah

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Workplace bullying can cause real harm 
From www.nzherald.co.nz -November 27, 2013
Workplace bullying is harmful and someone who is being bullied should not accept it as something normal that they have to put up with - it can cause incredible stress and health 

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Bullying expert deconstructs mean girl, douche-bag mentality  
From badgerherald.com - November 18, 2013  
From mean girls to douchebags, the way boys and girls handle their locker room experiences is different for a reason, Rosalind Wiseman, best-selling author ...

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When friends become bullies
From edition.cnn.com - October 30, 2013 
Experts say bullying among friends can be especially traumatic because it's a betrayal by people in positions of trust.

Anna Christopherson: Bullying often sign of lack of empathy
From lacrossetribune.com - October 24, 2013 
The recent suicide of Rebecca Sedwick, a 12-year-old girl in Florida, should prompt school administrations and parents to address bullying with their children.
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AIFS bullying study shows girls are more devious
From www.theaustralian.com.au -June 19, 2013
GIRLS are more devious than boys in their torment of classmates, Australia's biggest childhood study reveals.

New Study: Bullying Lifelong Effect
From newyork.cbslocal.com - September 21, 2013 
"A new study suggests that both girls and boys report similar levels of abuse — and that those who suffer through it may be more likely to become abusers themselves… “Abuse is an umbrella for emotional abuse, physical abuse, sexual abuse, and each one in its own right is becoming more prominent, and the lack of education is one of the reasons,” Gamberg said. “It used to mean just hitting, now, and most teens don’t even recognize that they are being abused until it’s too late or too dangerous,”
 www.loveisrespect.org.

Bullying and suicide can go hand-in-hand
From www.ctpost.com - August 28, 2013
[...] it's unsurprising, if profoundly sad, to hear that the suicide of 15-year-old Greenwich High School student Bartlomiej "Bart" Palosz might have been linked to bullying.
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This Bullying Social Experiment Is Incredibly Eye-Opening
From www.huffingtonpost.com -December 2, 2013 
No one is immune from bullying. Whether you are the oppressor, the victim or the witness, you are part of a cycle that needs to end.


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Defining Bullying: The Role of Neurobiological Markers
by Pieter Rossouw | Jul 17, 2013 | Journal |
.The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
Mediros Clinical Solutions, Unit for Neuropsychotherapy
“Bullying” is a widely used term that is mostly linked to some form of harassment – be it emotional, verbal or physical. These definitions always refer to specific behaviours (the perpetrator perspective) and the emotional and physical harm they inflict (the victim perspective). Although some definitions of bullying refer to physical harm as one consequence, it is noteworthy that no definition specifically refers to neural changes, despite a large body of evidence that shows the detrimental effects on neurochemical production, changes in neural functioning, and neural damage.

This paper explores some core definitions of bullying and key neurobiological markers linked to bullying. These markers are:
  • The neurodevelopmental indicators (genetic markers)
  • Neurochemical markers
  • Neuro-structural markers

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The Psychology of Bullying
From www.bellesprit.com -September 13, 2013 
What picture enters your mind when you hear the word bully? Is it the vision of a fifth grader who is taller and bigger than the other kids who walks around the playground with a small group taking lunch money, giving wedgies and beating up people?

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The Psychology of Bullying
From nobullying.com - October 10, 2014
The Psychology of Bullying, understanding The Psychology of Bullying is essential to fighting bullying now and in the future.

Kids Who Bully, Have Aggressive Behaviors Are Twice as Likely to Have Sleep Problems, U-M Study Says
From www.prnewswire.com - February 21, 2013 
Researchers found urban schoolchildren with behaviors like bullying more likely to have sleep-disordered breathing or...
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NASUWT: All prejudice-related bullying needs to be tackled
From www.nasuwt.org.uk - October 29, 2014 
Funding to tackle homophobic bullying is welcome, but if bullying in schools is to be eradicated it needs to be addressed in all its forms.

When does hazing become bullying, racism? 
From www.petaluma360.com - December 27, 2013 
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Victims of bullying earn less than peers
From www.haverhillecho.co.uk -December 8, 2013 
Victims of bullying are likely to earn lower than average wages, according to research to be published in the International Journal of Manpower.

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Bullying: Why Do Some People Bully Others?
From medicalboox.com - November 22, 2013 
Bullying: Why Do Some People Bully Others?By Oliver J R Cooper In one form or another and under one name or another; bullying has been... (medicalboox: Bullying: Why Do Some People Bully Others?

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The Language of Life: Bullying and understanding differences 
From www.kansascity.com -November 11, 2013 
In the past week, bullying has touched one of America's roughest sports: football.

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Are Anti-Bullying Programs Counterproductive?
From www.huffingtonpost.com - October 15, 2013  
Faced with a bullying problem, schools will often reach for the latest anti-bullying program that promises to work, without considering the crucial question -- "will this program work for our school?

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Anti-bullying programs not very effective, forum told
From www.winnipegfreepress.com - May 11, 2013 
Forget about any magic solution to bullying.... 

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Why Anti Bullying Programs Don’t Work
From www.thecompass4life.com -October 26, 2013 

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Teachers feel ignored, bullying impacts adult health  
From www.theguardian.com - August 23, 2013 
This week's research round up includes: concern at headteachers setting term timings and lasting impact of bullying
Teachers least likely to say their opinions count

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Bullying among seniors tied to inhibition, loss of independence
From www.turnto23.com - March 27, 2013 
Bullying knows no age limits. We're accustomed to stories about childhood bullies, but similar behaviors are occurring among seniors in independent retirement communities, assisted-living facilities, nursing homes and community centers.


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Lack of empathy keeps victims of bullying from getting help they need  
From www.tennessean.com -September 29, 2013 
Bullying prevention and intervention efforts will be recognized across the United States this October.

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'Empathy Gap': Why Some Can't See Bully Victims' Pain
From www.livescience.com - April 27, 2013
Teachers, parents and others underestimate the true pain felt by victims of bullying.

Unless they've experienced it firsthand, people underestimate the social pain endured by victims of bullying, a new study finds. This so-called "empathy gap" can be devastating, the researchers say, because it means victims often don't get the support they need. For instance, a teacher who doesn't truly "get" thesuffering involved in being teased or excluded would be less likely to punish the perpetrator or give support to the victim.

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“Empathy Gap” Hinders Effectiveness of Bullying Prevention Programs
From www.goodtherapy.org - March 13, 2013 
A GoodTherapy.org News Summary Over the past several years, and especially in the past six months, schools nationwide have moved to fight bullying in